Technology Critical Elements (TCEs) are used for alternative energies, such as in electric cars and photovoltaic systems. Austrian researchers warn that their potential risks to the environment and health are not receiving enough attention.
The electrification of fleets without accompanying measures to reduce transport demand would double TCE consumption by 2060. There is also a need for less unnecessary private travel, according to research by MedUni and BOKU Vienna and the Montanuniversität Leoben.
Low-emission technologies are crucial in overcoming the climate crisis and will also contribute to improving air quality, the researchers emphasized, according to a press release from MedUni Vienna. However, these technological innovations require the use of TCEs such as neodymium, dysprosium and lanthanum – chemical elements classified as rare earth metals. “Their mining and consumption are increasing rapidly worldwide.
At the same time, they are not only difficult to recycle, but also pose risks to the environment and human health,” explains Daniela Haluza from the Center for Public Health at MedUni Vienna.
Release of TCEs investigated in Vienna
Although the effects of mining these substances are well documented, the means by which they are released during use in urban areas has remained largely unexplored. The study published in the “Journal of Industrial Ecology” analyzed TCE emissions from wear and corrosion of vehicle parts and from weathering on thin-film photovoltaic modules in Vienna. To this end, 21 technologies in the field of vehicles and renewable energies were examined and future scenarios simulated.
Among the results: the electrification of fleets without accompanying measures to reduce transport demand would lead to the disposal of up to 3,073 tonnes of TCEs at the end of their life by 2060 and up to 15.7 tonnes to be released into the environment. during use. Through measures such as promoting public transportation or avoiding unnecessary trips in private vehicles, “the potential health risks associated with the accumulation of TCEs in urban environments can also be significantly reduced,” Haluza pointed out.
Also reduce the demand for raw materials
The study highlights that the transition to low-emission technologies requires not only decarbonization but also a reduction in overall demand for raw materials. Without additional measures, significant amounts of TCEs could be released into the environment, which could pose long-term health risks.
The scientists recommend more interdisciplinary research to better understand the release of TCEs and their absorption into the human body. The research resulted in the TeCEUS project, which is funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF).
Source: Krone
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